Cairo, Egypt

Cairo

EgyptAfrica

Cairo is chaos and wonder in equal measure. Egypt's sprawling, ancient capital is a city of 20 million people, of honking traffic and crowded bazaars, of minarets and medieval mosques, of the slow brown Nile sliding through the middle of it all. And then, on the very edge of the city, rising from the desert where the suburbs end, stand the Pyramids of Giza, the last surviving wonder of the ancient world, impossibly vast and four and a half thousand years old. Few places on earth pack this much history, energy and sheer spectacle into one sprawling, overwhelming, unforgettable city. Here's the budget headline, and it's a remarkable one: Cairo lets you stand before one of humanity's greatest achievements on a backpacker's budget. Egypt is one of the best-value destinations in the world right now, because the Egyptian pound has weakened dramatically against the pound, euro and dollar, so your money stretches further here than almost anywhere. A bowl of the national dish, koshary, costs under a pound, the metro is pennies, and a hostel bed with a pyramid view is a few pounds a night. The site entry fees are the one real cost, and even those are modest by world-wonder standards. Cairo rewards the traveller who embraces the chaos, eats where locals eat, and comes ready to be amazed. We'll show you how to do it well and cheaply.

Best time to visit

The best time to visit is the cooler season from October to April, when daytime temperatures are comfortable for exploring the exposed desert sites, which is also peak season, when hotel prices climb 10 to 50% and the Pyramids are busiest. The sweet spot is the shoulder edges, late September to October and March to April, with good weather and gentler crowds. Avoid the height of summer (June to August), when Cairo bakes in fierce heat that makes midday sightseeing punishing, though this is when flights and hotels are cheapest, by 15 to 25%. Late September is often cited as the ideal balance of low prices and bearable temperatures. Whenever you go, start early at the Pyramids to beat both the heat and the tour buses.

What it costs

Per person, per day, not counting flights.

Backpacker

around £18 to £35 a day. That covers a hostel dorm or basic guesthouse at £5 to £20 (some with pyramid views), street food, the cheap metro and ride-hailing apps, and modest extras.

Mid-range

around £45 to £90 a day. This allows a comfortable three or four-star hotel at £35 to £90 (including pyramid-view options in Giza), restaurant meals, a private driver or guide, and the major sites.

Luxury

£150 a day and up, and Cairo's legendary hotels, like the Marriott Mena House overlooking the Pyramids, are spectacular value by global standards.

Things to do in Cairo

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A place to visit in Cairo

Hand-picked experiences we'd actually recommend. Tap any one to read more and book.

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Stand before the Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx

This is the reason to come, and nothing prepares you for the scale of it. The three great Pyramids and the Great Sphinx rise from the desert on the very edge of the city, the only surviving wonder of the ancient world. General admission lets you wander the whole plateau; a separate ticket lets you climb inside the Great Pyramid, a claustrophobic but extraordinary experience. Go at opening time to beat the heat, the crowds and the persistent touts, and walk out to the panorama point for the classic view of all three together. We'll explain the ticket options and how to handle the hawkers calmly.

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Explore the Grand Egyptian Museum

The brand-new Grand Egyptian Museum, beside the Pyramids, is arguably the single best reason to visit Egypt right now. The largest archaeological museum in the world, it displays over 100,000 artefacts, including, for the first time ever, the complete treasures of Tutankhamun's tomb together in one place, with floor-to-ceiling windows framing the Pyramids beyond. Tickets must be booked online in advance, and you'll want four to five hours. It's a genuinely once-in-a-lifetime experience. We'll explain how to book, what not to miss, and how to combine it with the Pyramids on the same side of the city.

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Wander Islamic Cairo and the Khan el-Khalili bazaar

Away from the ancient sites, medieval Islamic Cairo is a maze of historic mosques, madrasas and gates, crowned by the great Citadel of Saladin with its Alabaster Mosque and sweeping views over the city. At its heart lies the Khan el-Khalili, a centuries-old bazaar that's a sensory overload of lanterns, spices, jewellery and copperware, where haggling is expected and mint tea flows. Much of it is free to wander. Pause at a historic coffeehouse to soak up the atmosphere. We'll map out a route through Islamic Cairo's highlights and tips for navigating the bazaar.

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Eat koshary and Egyptian street food

Cairo is a brilliant and bargain food city. The national dish, koshary, a hearty bowl of rice, macaroni, lentils, chickpeas and crispy fried onions topped with spicy tomato sauce, costs under a pound and is genuinely delicious. Add falafel (called taameya here), ful medames (stewed fava beans), and fresh flatbread, and you can eat superbly for a few pounds a day. The rule, as ever, is to eat where the locals queue and avoid the tourist strips. A food tour is a great way in, or simply follow your nose. We'll point you to the dishes and the best-value spots.

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Sail the Nile on a felucca at sunset

For a peaceful escape from the city's relentless energy, take to the water. A felucca, the traditional wooden sailboat of the Nile, can be hired by the hour for a gentle sail as the sun sets behind the city skyline, and it's surprisingly affordable, especially shared with a few others. Drifting on the river with Cairo glowing gold around you is one of the city's most magical and inexpensive experiences. Sunset dinner cruises with music are also popular if you'd like more of an event. We'll explain how to arrange a felucca, the going rate, and the best time to set sail.

Frequently asked questions

Cairo is very cheap for foreign visitors. Backpackers manage on 25-35 USD a day and a comfortable mid-range trip with a Nile-view hotel, driver and guided pyramids day runs 80-140 USD a day. Entry tickets to sites and Egyptologist guides are the main costs.

Two full days is the minimum for Cairo. One for Giza pyramids, Sphinx and Saqqara, and one for the Grand Egyptian Museum plus Islamic and Coptic Cairo. Three days is more comfortable, especially with the enormous new museum which easily fills a full day.

October to April is the comfortable season with warm days and cool evenings. Avoid June to August when temperatures regularly top 38C and sightseeing at the pyramids becomes exhausting. December and January are peak season and the pyramids get busy but still manageable.

Cairo is generally safe for tourists though tourist-focused hassle is constant. Expect persistent touts and taxi drivers at the pyramids and Khan el-Khalili. Book a reputable guide, ignore anyone offering unsolicited help, and stick to Uber for taxis. Solo women should dress modestly and expect some staring.

A guide is strongly recommended. It saves you from constant touts, gets you the history and context that make the site interesting, and handles the tickets and camel-sellers. Book an Egyptologist guide through your hotel or a reputable agency rather than one who approaches you at the entrance.

Go to the Grand Egyptian Museum near Giza. It houses the full Tutankhamun collection and the star pieces from the old museum in a modern building with proper lighting and space. The old Egyptian Museum on Tahrir Square is largely emptied out now.